In this sparkling work, Benedict Anderson provides a compelling exploration of fin-de-siecle politics and culture that spans the Caribbean, Imperial Europe and the South China Sea. Anderson explores the impact of avant-garde European literature and politics on the great Filipino political novelist José Rizal and his contemporary, the pioneering folklorist Isabelo de los Reyes. Under Three Flags is a brilliantly original work on the explosive history of national independence and global politics.